This document is the outcome of workshops facilitated by The Teddy Bear Clinic for Sexually Abused Children, in conjunction with a group of representatives from governmental, nongovernmental and community-based organisations nationwide. The aim was to develop concise, user-friendly guidelines that can be referred to when working with parents, guardians and children themselves who have been at risk of HIV infection. We hope that this booklet will make a signifi cant difference in your efforts to provide a humane and effective service to the children of South Africa.